Statesman Journal from Salem, Oregon • Page 6

Astoria Columbia GORMLIS EASTERN RAILROAD WOULD ESCAPE GOOD ROADS Tickets aside for dragging the roads with King road drags. This would have been suf ficient to drag every mile, of earth or gravel road in the state, thereby improving the earth, roads at least 100 per "There 'would still have been left two million four hundred thousand dollars, besides the poll taxes, for general repairs, bridges and administration. "That all the above could actually have been accomplished by such administration as a great business corporation demands and secures i3 beyond dispute, and we most be eontent with nothing less. The problem is ta train the men to do the work, to have scientific investigation of Iowa's road condition made for the use of our road earth roads' can be improved 100 per cent or even more. "While the use of the drag for improving earth roads was first introduced by Mr.

D. Ward King nly a few years ago, and then in Missouri, it is not entirelv new in Iowa. In Sac countv more than year's successful experience has thoroughly demonstrated its value under our conditions. "During part of the month of April, 1905, the gospel of the road drag has been spread along the lines of the C. N.

W. railway in Iowa from good roads train by Mr. D. Ward King. The train was furnished free by the rail- road.

"We, as the state highway commission, have carefully tested the road drag by actual trial, and we strongly endorse its use. We stand ready to send plants and full instructions to any one desiring to use it. Heretofore its use had been mainly by voluntary unpaid work by public-spirited farmers. There is no reason why the road officers themselves should not take it up and do the work from the road funds, by hiring men to care for sections of road each a few miles long. "We advise the farmers to start using the drag without waiting 'for the road officers to take it up.

They will be well repaid for their trouble by the saving of time and expense in using the roads, and the increase in the value of their land due to a good road in front of it. "We also advise the road officers to adopt the road drag, and to provide farmers with free 'materials to make therri, and to hire the roads dragged where the farmers do not themselves undertake the work. There is no possible use of the road, funds known to us which will yield such great returns for so small an outlay. In fact, the outlay will be more than saved by the lessened need for the big road grader? with its great cost of operation. "Another important feature, which, as is also true of all the other features we have been discussing, deals directly with road dtainage, is the culverts.

There are' of very great importance, whether the road be earth or gray el or stone. Kiver Railroad Co. LEAVES CNION DKIOT ftiX) A. iu. For Maygera, Raioier.j Clatafcanis, WewportJ CUfton, Astoria, War-renton, Flarel, Hammond.

Fort SteTena, X'ailj p. Hturd only. 7:00 p.m. Sx. Sat.

11:10 Km Aitoria ana Beasnore. Atforia ExpreM DailT nt. For further Information address J. KAYO. Astoria, Oregon.

OREGON' SUBURBAN AUTO CO. Makes two round trips daily between Salem and Independence, connecting with motor for Monmouth and Dallas. Automobile car loaves Willamette hotel, Salem, for Independence, at 7 a. m. and 3:30 p.

m. Returning leaves Independence at 8:30 a. m. and 5 p. m.

Sundays, leaves Salem 8 a. m. and 3:30 p. m. Independence, 9:30 m.

and 5 p. in. Automobile to let for parties of evenings. M. P.

BALDWIN, Mgr. I VCJ 0.i-L7O MO OREGON Shoitlinc UNION PACIFIC Three trains to tne East Dally Through Pullman standard and tourist uleep-Ing cari daily to Omaha, Chicago, Spokane; tourist sleeping care dai.y toKanjaa City, through Pullman tourist Moeplns car personally conducted) weekly to Chicago, Kanaaa jity; reclining chair cars (teats dallti to Kant dally. 70 HOURS PORTLAND TO CHICAGO No change cars. 70 TO WHAT THE IOWA EXPERIMENT STATION HAS TO SUGGEST. Tells What Is Being Done in That -State, and Especially Talks About the Use of Beinforced Concrete in Bridge and Culvert Construction.

The question of road improvement continues a live one in the state of Oregon, and what other states are doing will always prove of interest here. The state of Iowa, through the engineering experiment station of the Iowa State college, has recently published a bulletin giving some very good and up to date information regarding road construction and also giving the question of bridge and culvert work a good deal of attention. What it says will be very interest-W at this time to many of this state, as it discusses the problem of how to spend the money now being raised for road purposes mere, so as i secure one hundred cents of returns on the dollar invested. The state highway commission holds a school of instruction every year nu it says that it would pay every township and county to send at least one of its road officers to attend the good roads school. He says hundreds of road officers have expressed to tnem their helplessness, under present conditions, owing to lack of system and to lack of road builders.

The experience of Iowa is like that of many other states wherein one- case is spoKen oi where an experienced outside road builder had made a careful estimate of the true value of a grade done one sea: son in one township as being $50 where a thousand dollars was actually spent in the work. The following is taken from the bul letin and should be instructive to every person interested in road, conditions in Oregon: "Let us see what might have been accomplished in Iowa in 1904 without additional taxation, with only the money actually spent, if all this money had been used with as much system and under as experienced and expert direction as in the case of a great railway system. i the first place, one million dol- lars could have been set aside for the construction of permanent stone or; gravel roads. At the prices at which such roads are actually being built in Iowa this-would have given us 350 to 500 miles of stone road, or 1,000 to 1,500 miles of gravel road in one year. "In the second place, seven hundred and" fifty thousand dollars could have been set aside for grading, building substantial grades and side ditches, in acordance with a road engineer's not patching a little here 1 and a little there, and at the prices at which such work was actually let by contract in some counties in Iowa, this wouia nave movca seven million, five hundred thousand cubic yards of earth.

In the third place, three nunurea thousand dollars could have been set Now is the time to order your HOP TICKETS We are prepared to print them in any quantities at reasonable prices. Our tickets are numbered, stapled and perforated. WRITE FOR PRICES STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY SALEM, OREGON. cpjd seaside -Excunsion ALBANY TO NEWPORT AND RE. TURN, SUNDAY AUOUST 6 1905; Glove Contest.

Newport Opera Hom oa Saturday. August 5, 1903. --Young Fltzslmmons vs. Twia SutUvan. CORVALL1S VS.

NEWPORT, SUNDAY THE 6th AT 2 P. M. Three day tickets from Salem, good going on Saturday or Sunday excursion train, and returning rfun-day night or Monday morning. Tickets good en Saturday night Overland to Albany. Fare from Salem 13.00 for round trip.

Numerous attractions on Sunday, Including surf bathlDx, boating, ocean trip to Seal Rocks on TugLorens," and a fine game of Don't forget the Glove Contest oa Saturday jot the 5th. Kxeorslon train, leaves Albany at 7:30 a.m. HIS CHILDREN "DJUl'ART 1 TIMS HOHBDULES ARK I FOR from Portland, Or FROM roruana Worth omaha: Kan- m' H-ntlSton oagoandEaBt. wil0 iJike. Denver, Ft Worth, Omaha, Kan- Tla trnt.

City, Bt Louii, Chi- 7'" c.go.ndit. Rt. Paul WaTTa Walla, LewlKton Fact Mn.ll Spokane.Wallace.Pull 6:15 pm man, Minneapolis, St. 8:00 a. via Paul, Uuluth.Mllwau- Spokane ke, Chicago ana Kast TIME CARD NO.

29. No. 2 for Yaqnina Leaves Albany Leaves Corvallis Arrives Yaquina 5:45 p. m. No 1, returning Leaves Yaquina 7:15 a.

m. Leaves Corvallis 11:30 a. m. Arrives Albany No. 3, for Albany-Detroit Loaves Albany for 7:30 a.m.

Arrives Detroit .12:30 p.m. No. 4, from Detroit-Leaves Detroit Arrives Albany No. 5, for Albany- 1:30 p.m. 6:30 p.m.

6:30 a.m. 7:10 a.m. Leaves Corvallis Arrives Albany for Corvallis Leaves Albany 2:40 p. 3:20 p. VUKUUI No.

7, for Albany Leaves Corvallis 6:00 p. Arrives Albany 6:40 p.m. No. 6, for Corvallis Leaves Albany 9:15 p. Arrives Corvallis 9 :55 p.

m. Train No. 1 arrives in Albany ifl time to connect with the S. P. south bound train.

Train No. 2 connects with the S. P. trains at Corvallis and Albany, giving direct service to Newport and adjacent beaches. Train No.

3 leaves Albany for De troit at 7:30 a. arriving there in ample time to reach the Breitenbush hot spring the same day. Train No. 4 between Albany and De troit connects with tho Eugene local at Albany, also with the local from Corvallis, Train No. 5 leaves Corvallis at 6:30 a.

arrives at Albany at 7:10 a. in. time to catch Eugene local to Port land and train to Detroit. Train NoV 8 leaves Albany for Cor vallis at 2:40 p. after the arrival of S.

P. northbound-overland. Train No. 7 leaves Corvallis at 6:00 p. m-, arrives in Albany at: 6:40 p.

in time to connect with, the local for Eugene and Way points. Train No. 6 leaves Albany for Cor vallis at 9:15 p. after the arrival nf the S. P.

local from Portland. For further Information "apply to J. C. Mayo, General Passenger. Agent.

Agent, Albany. H. Cronise, Agent, Corvallis. SOUTHERN PACIFIC TIME CARD. Arrival and departures of all trains at and from balem: From San Francisco o.

16 Oregon Express 5:23 a. m. 14 Eugene passenger 8:22 a. m. 12 Oregon express 3:28 p.

m. i1 Toward San Francisco 11 California express ..11:13 a', m. 13 Eugene passenger 8:15 p. m. 15 California express.

.10:56 p. m. PrA5ht No. 226 Ar. 11:05 a.

dep. 1:20 p. m. zzo Art j.v:ou a.m.; aop. p.m.

222 This freight, 10 north bound. .221 This freight, 2:20 south uuuuu. Take the Imperial Limited fastest train crossing the continent. Through standard sleepers from the coast; to St. Paul, Winnipeg and Mon LOWEST RATES to all points east.

For full particulars call on or adarcss F. IS. JOHNSON, JS. J. COYLE, A.

G. P. Portland. Ore. Vaneonvr.

C. Ticket Office, 112 Third St. 0. C. T- Co's Steamers ALTONA and POMONA leave for Tortland daily except Sunday at 7 a.

m. Dock at foot of Trade street. M. P. Baldwin, Agent.

STATESMAN CLASSIFIED ADS BRING' QUICK RESULTS. Legal Blanks, Statesman Job Office officers and to educate the public to demand and secure good roads, and to support proper business auminisiranuu of our funds by experienced road men." The preliminary advice given is as follows: "The construction and maintenance of earth roads are so important that the Iowa highway commission plans to issue several bulletins dealing with different phases of the subject. In the meantime some preliminary results or our investigations will be presented. "Water is the foe to good earth roads and foe whole object of earth road construction and maintenance is to get rid of the water ana. its Daa ei-f cct "Three systems of drainage are needed.

First, tile or sub-drainage. Wherever the soil is naturally wet from ground water a line of four-inck tile should be laid to a regular grade longitudinally along the uphill side of the road, under the side ditch, at a depth of three or fonr feet. "Second, side ditches. A good, big side ditch, built to a continuous grade as determined by a road level, so that the water will not stand in it at any point, should be provided on each side of the road. The road level should be used to make sure that the ditch is built to a grade which will not leave ponds of water in the ditches after rains.

All surface ponds should be drained instead of trying to maintain shallow embankments subject to the capillary action of water and to de struction by water and by musk-rats. 'Third, surface drainage. proper surface drainage, to shed the water promptly into the side ditches, should be provided by properly crowning the road, and by then keeping it hard and smooth with a King road drag. "Earth roads will not maintain themselves in good condition, even if properly built, 'but require frequent Without Buch attention they cut up and rut up so as to hold the water instead of shedding it into the side ditches. They thus become impas sable after heavy, storms, and.

when the frost goes out, and are very rough for a long after such bad periods. The work of maintenance should be di-rected'toward keeping the road smooth and hard' and maintaining or increasing the "The best as well as the cheapest instrument we have found for this pur-; pose is the King road drag. Any farm er can make one for himself at an out lay of only $1.50 ta The annual eost per mile of road treated witn the King road drag, where ail the time has been paid for by the hour, has not been found to xeeed $2.50 to $3. By the outlay of this small amount of labor the average condition of our S. E.

LOWE. UP TO DATE CHESTERFIELD DYNAMITES JAIL AND SHOOTS AT JAILER Terrible Attempt at Jail Break on Part of Seattle Prisoner Failing, He Sends Bullet Crashing Through His OwaBraan. .1 SEATTLE, Wash" Aug. 2. After dynamiting the county jail and entirely wrecking his cell in hopes of being able to effeet his escape, "Uack" Chesterfield at 4 o'clock tnis morning fired six shots at the jailers who attempted" to restore order in the cell, and then sent a bullet crashing through his own brain.

The wound, it is tlrought, will prove fatal. Chesterfield was to have been taken to the penitentiary this' morning to a three-years sentence ior enm inally assaulting a young girl. The would-be escaoe nad-lwo' revolv ers in bis hands and fired at everyone who" approached him. He was com- Tlptelv barricaded and was able to kc the iailers at bav until the fire depart ment was called out and his cell flooded. It was not until the man was standing two feet of water that he gave up and shot himself.

Game to the last breath, he never left his feet an wna'takpn IfinniTlff afalnst his cell, a though a lsaden bullet had torn a hole through his head. Chesterfield was secretly married the lail three weeks ago. Since th? nia wif a han be-n triven unbounded free ddm, and it is believed that she abused t.ha innfifliiiri nf the officials and sup plied her hsuband with what she had thought 'Would be his means of escape, but which proved to ue impiemenis aolf.flARtriict.ion. T.at last pveninpf the Yale lock on the man's cell was foundto be so worn that tho door could be swung open witn little more than ordinary pressure. But this was remedied, and it was' not then thought that anv other Dlan of escape had been nlanned; Two sawswere also found in tho celL.

The dynamite, it VioiiAVArl. waa concealed about clothes. Three more sticks of dynamite were found in th'e tell this morning. Chesterfield is keeping good his word that he would neveT be "rken to tho penitentiary alive. EIOT IN POBTO EICO.

Strike There of Longshoremen Results in Disorders ana uarKnesg, SAN JUAN, Porto Rico, Aug. 2. Ai an outcome of the longsTIoremen 's strike for an increase of wages to 25 cents an hour, which has been in progress for a month, the greater portion of San Juan was under control of a 7 and 9 o'clock last Tne mob, which was composed of about 1000 arm ed persons, dug up paving blocks and stones, auu. nitu mej nixu. umu m's siles through the streets fight ing the police.

The officers were armed with rifles and fired scores of shots, but mostly in the air. One person was kill ed and tnere" are forty Injured in the hospitals, three or four of whom may die." At 8 o'clock, while the mam police orc.3 was engaged with the rioters, an other mob, mainly 'Composed, of young men and boys, threw stones at the arc lights in the main streets, with tme ro suit that nearly the entire city. wa in total darkness all night. TEACHERS' EXAMINATIONS. 1 Notice is herebv given that the coun ty super intendsnt of Marion county Oregon, will hold the reaular examma tion of applicants for slate and countv papers at the Methodist churcn, Degin-ninjf Wednesday, August 9, 1905, at 9 o'clock a.

and continuing until atT urday, August 12, at 4 'cIock p. m. E. T. Moores, 1 County School Superintendent, STATESMAN.

CLASSIFIED ADS BEING QUICK RESULTS. mav mention the cases of Green county and' Carroll countv' in this state. In neither of these counties has the work been going on more than ten years, yet Green county already has aDout seventy-five miles and Carroll county about fifty miles of very lair gravel roaus These roads have been built without any increase whatever in the taxation. "The graveling alone (not counting the grading and drainage, which are needed whether the road be earth or gravel) costs only $400 to $500 per mile. It is therefore obvious that the gravel could have been shipped in by tram for considerable distances witn favorable freight rates without making the cost greater than $1,000 per mile.

"It is well to deposit the gravel in two layers, each half the total thicR ness, with a year between so as to secure thorough compacting or the foundation bv the traffic. The material should be selected and mixed in load ing at the gravel pit so as to secure unitorm material. Ail stones larger than 1 to two inches should be thrown out at the pit. The gravel should contain some binding material. and where this is lacking 15 per cent of clay can be added to advantage.

A man should be kept at the pit "to see that large stones are thrown out, and only unitormly good material taken. and another man should be' kept "on the road to carefully spread the gravel as it is hauled, and to see that no hillocks or hollows are left. "The road should be watched the first two years, and any ruts or holes which develop promptly filled. The gravel road has a tendency to cut up an inch or two deep in continued wet weather, and it should be gone over at such times with a King road drag, tne same as an earth "The construction of stone roads has already begun in some sections in our state. We believe that the construction of stone roads should be' greatlv extended, and that where local quarries are available it will pav counties to purchase crushers and steam road rol lers, and to undertake the work sys tematically according to engineers' plans, setting aside a considerable portion of the road funds eaeh year for this purpose.

Unless, expert assistance is secured in connection with the man- agement of the machinery and the details of the work the first results secured by inexperienced men will be POISONED BY EATING FRUIT PUT UP IN A MASON JAR SO WRITES MR. S. E. LOWE Ocean and River Schedule. For Ban FranciacoKvery five days at 8 p.

tn for Astoria, way points and North Beach dal (except Sunday) at 8:00 p. m. Saturday at p. m. Dally serrlce (water permitting) on th Willamette and Yamhill Rirera.

For further Information ask or write your nearest ticket agent, or A. I OXAIO, General Passenger Agent, The Oregon Railroad, Navigatioa Co, Portland, Oregon. ASK AGENT FOE TICKET VIA TO SPOKANE, ST.TAUL,-1 Ml NNE-APOLI8, DULUTH, CHICAGO, ST. LOUI3 AND ALL POINTS EAST AND SOUTH. 2 OVERLAND TRAINS DAILY THE FLYER AND THE FAST MAIL SPLENDID SERVICE UP-TO-DATW KOmPMRVT- I FULL INFORMATION FROM COURTEOUS EMPLOYES WE GIVE EXPEDITED SEUVfCF! ON FREIGHT.

YOUR ST1TP. MENTS. VIA GREAT NORTHERN. A DAYLIGHT TRIP ACROSS THE CASCADE and ROCKY MOUNTAINS. For tickets.

Rat-as. Folders and Full information, call' on address II. DICKSON, 121 Third Portland, Oregon. S. G.

YERKE8fc A. G. P. Second Avc.vand Columbia Seattle, Wasnington. "WM.

HARDER, Gen. Agent, Portland, Oregon. "Legal Blanks, Statesman Job Office. I "The wooden culverts heretofore almost universally built are a disgrace to our roads, a danger to every one whoi travel the roads and are one of the greatest means of waste of our road funds. A road officer of one of oui counties recently informed us that in one place he had dug out the remains of no less than seven wooden culverts, and that at least one or two more were left buried at the same place.

The life of these culverts is so short that the money put them is practically wasted, not to speak of the fact that they are a constant danger to the life and limb of every man or animal who passes over J'1 The, price of lumber is getting dear er, while the quality is becoming poorer as our forests disappear, while on the other hand new discoveries of cement and new factories and improved methods, are making the cost of ce ment cheaper from year to year, and the quality better. Within the last few years, alsoi we have found how to reinforce our cement "masonry with steel and thereby greatly to- strength en it. The result has hfpn. that the on" struction of. cement -concrete culverts, reinforced with steel, has been taken up both in this state and many others "Jbor culverts and for small bridges up to thirty span, the design with a flaf top (reinforced with steel) will usually be more economical to build than the areh design because the wood en centering is simpler, and because the flat top has no sidewise thrusts as the arch.

does. Arxhes require very Bona ana expensive aoutments on ao cpunt of this side thrust, while the flat-topped culyerts need, only thin walls. "JiVe advise the use of flaring wing walls at end. We advise also careful protection of the culverr frm undermining, by a submerged cut off wall at each end, and by a. cement floor wnere necessary.

We are' now engaged in making a very extensive series of tests of different kinds of reinforcing material and methods of construction, and are giving careful attention to the adoption Mai. or xne very Dest teatures in our stand ard designs. The cost of these rein forced concrete culverts is so small that they are much cheaper than wood en culverts, when we take into ac count the rapid decay of the latter. The reinforced "concrete culverts should be permanent and practically inde- Btruciioie ii properly ouilt. So far we have laid most emphasis upon earth road construction and main.

tainence, as. is proper under present Iowa conditions. We would not be candidly giving the results of our investigations however, dirt wa nnf iloU fhat wo believe the earth road is not a permanent solution of our rnarl nrnh lent, so far as the main traveled roads are concerned. In every county the neiworK or mam traveled roads should in the end be made termanent hard roads, surfaced with broken stone if possible, and at least with otrvpI. "This work should not, be undertak en without proper preknunary drainage and grading of the roads, not without exactly the work, in fact, which is neeaeq lor the construction and main tamance of a good earth road.

This would come first. 'We do not advise, either, the con struction of the expensive type of stone roaus wnicn nave been built in the east, roads which cost 5.000 to Sli.OOO per- mile to; build, and $100 per mile "er year 10 maintain, unless for a very few very important, roads. We advise, rather, the construction of such stone roads as can be built in this state and others at "costs of $1,200 to $2,500 per mile, and of gravel roads such as are. being built in" this state to $bOO per mile, where the gravel is found near, at hand. We do.not.consider.it in building hard, roads, either, that the rate of taxation should be i With a wise administration of the road lunas Dy good business methods, under experienced and expert road men.

iue consiruciion or nard ma a ran a begun on a moderate scale immediately and can continue at a mnilmb until a network, of such. maAa "A certain proportion of the road funds of each county and township should be set aside each year for the construction of permanent roads. One million dollars eould have been spared last year in Iowa for this purpose frorif the present road funds, and with a wise administration more could hays been accomplished with, the remainder than we actually, did accomplish with the i whole under untrained road offi-cers. As illustrating what plished toward the On of hard The following dispatch "appeared in th6 Portland "Evening Telegram," Oct. 19, 1903: EU GENE, Oct.19 A report has reached Eugene from Florence, at the mouth of the Siuslaw River that Hat tie the 14-year-old daughter of S.

E. Lowe, and her brother George were poisoned by eating canned raspberries last Thursday, and it was only by hard i work that the girl's lifewas saved. The boy was taken seriously 'ill, but vom ited soon after and recovered before his sister did. The fruit which caused the trouble np by 'the family lasfe year. The two children opened it and ate some of the fruit about 10 o'clock Thursday, and commenced to feel ill a few hours later.

A physician was called in the evening, ana by working hard all -nightj- with the assistance of the family, he succeeded in saving their lives. Portland Evening Telegram, Oct, 19, 1903. i i -i 1 Mr. Lowe the father of the children, wrote as follows: Florence, Oct. 24, 1903.

Tour favor of October '20th dujy received and noted. Replying, beg to say that the occurrence mentioned in your letter resulted from the eating canned raspberries put up in the MASON JAE. The fruit was at least a year old, and a short time prior tQ itg uge had been transported over a rough road about 12 The accumulated mold in the jar had probaDly been inter mingled with the berries in transportation, which caused the difficulty in The younger chhd (6 years of age) ate a large 8aucer of this fruit, and having an overdose threw it up and was soon over its effects; the other chihi dld not partake of aa much and her case was critical and only by the constant and persistent efforts of a r.hvsician was she retsored. itrno.n 1 Chemical Laboratory Assa Office "THE MILWAUKEE" James H. Tisk, i Analytical Chemist and Assayer.

1 Portland, Dec. 2, 1904. "Dear Sirs: From my analysis of the zinc porcelain lined cap which is ordinarily used in sealing the Mason jar, I state without hesitation that Jthe poison referred to in the incident of the Lowe family, was produced not only by the mould of the fruit but most likely by the fruit juices having been in contact with the zinc in the cap. The transportation of the jar probably caused the entire contents to be contaminated by the poison. In my opinion many cases of sickness and even deaths may be discovered" as the result of zinc compound poisoning if properly traced to its source.

This danger has been recognized to such a great extent of late'that at the International Pure Food Congress hebl at St. Louis, September of this year, the Pure Food Commissioners assembled at their eighth annual convention unaniraouBly "resolved that no zine chloride should be used in soldering tin for use in canning foods and that ne solder shoold be in contact witb tne contents of the can." So earnest was their desire to prevent the possibility of even a few'drops of zinc chloride or solder from coming w. contact with the food, 'i'l- Tours very -truly, 4 'V" j- h.fiSk. Office op W. BAILEY.1 STATE DAIRY AND POOD COMMISSIONER Koom 19; Breeden Building PORTLAND, OREGON, Oct 25, 1904.

ssW0 ar caps have been cxanned. Upon examination, the metal of the new Mason cap was found to be pure zinc. The small pin-holes in the old Mason cap were undoubtedly caused by the action of vegetable acids. As a result the fruit in the jar must have been greatly contaminated with poisonous zinc compounds. -k I regard the use of jars with zinc caps as very unsanitary? and even dangerous.

Yours very truly, I rSL fUPV'lCr rri wsinn "The Pioneer Limited" St. Paul to CiiicAao "Short; Line" Omajia to Chicaco "South-West Limited" Kansas City to Chicago trains in the service on any railroad in the world that equals in equipment that of the 4 Milwaukee and St Paul Railway pihey own and operate their own sleeping and dining cars oa all their, trains and give their patrons an excellence of service not obtainable elsewhere. Berths on their sleepers are longer, higher and wider than in similar cars on any" other line. They -protect their trains by the Block system. Connections made with all trans-continental lines in Union Depots.

Her tales Dansk, Svensk og Norsk, Hir wlrd deutsch gesprochen s. none, General Agent 134 Third Portland.